Analysis of the Competition between Wired, DSL and Wireless TCP Flows in an Access Network

نویسندگان

  • François Baccelli
  • Ki Baek Kim
  • Danny De Vleeschauwer
چکیده

This paper analyzes the performance of a large population composed of several classes of long lived TCP flows experiencing packet losses due to random transmission errors and to congestion created by the sharing of a common tail-drop or AQM bottleneck router. Each class has a different transmission error rate. This setting is used to analyze the competition between wired and wireless users in an access network, where one class (the wired class) has no or small (like BER in DSL) transmission error losses whereas the other class has higher transmission error losses, or the competition between DSL flows using different coding schemes. We propose a natural and simple model for the joint throughput evolution of several classes of TCP flows under such a mix of losses. Two types of random transmission error losses are considered: one where losses are Poisson and independent of the rate of the flow, and one where the losses are still Poisson but with an intensity that is proportional to the rate of the source. We show that the large population model where the population tends to infinity has a threshold on the transmission error rate (given in closed form) above which there are no congestion losses at all in steady state, and below which the stationary state is a periodic congestion regime in which we compute both the mean value and the distribution of the rate obtained by each class of flow. We also show that the maximum mean value for the aggregated rate is achieved at the threshold. For the finite population model and models based on other classes of point processes, a sufficient condition is obtained for the existence of congestion times in the case of arbitrary transmission error point processes. Key-words: TCP, congestion control, flow control, AIMD, IP traffic, synchronization, throughput, wireless, DSL, bit error, packet error, transmission error, mean field, Mellin transform. ∗ INRIA-ENS, 45 rue d’Ulm 75005, Paris, France, [email protected] † INRIA-ENS, 45 rue d’Ulm 75005, Paris, France, [email protected] ‡ ALCATEL-NSG, Fr. Wellesplein 1, B-2018 Antwerp, Belgium, [email protected] Analyse de la concurrence entre des flots TCP filaires, DSL et sans fils sur un réseau d’accès Résumé : Nous étudions dans cet article les performances d’une population formée d’un grand nombre de flots TCP persistants qui se répartissent en plusieurs classes subissant des pertes de paquets aléatoires de deux types: des pertes dues à des erreurs de transmission et des pertes dues à la congestion résultant du partage par ces flots d’un routeur commun. Chaque classe a son taux d’erreur de transmission. Ce cadre permet de considérer les situations suivantes: la concurrence entre des flots filaires et sans fils sur un réseau d’accès, où la classe filaire ne subit aucune perte de transmission de paquet ou de petites pertes (comme le Bit Error Rate (BER) des flots DSL), tandis que la classe sans fils subit des pertes de transmission plus fréquentes; la concurrence entre deux types de flots DSL utilisant des codages différents. Nous proposons un modèle simple et assez naturel pour l’évolution jointe des débits de ces diverses classes de flots TCP. Nous considérons deux modèles pour les erreurs de transmission: des pertes suivant des lois de Poisson à taux constant et donc indépendant du débit des flots et des pertes suivant des lois de Poisson avec une intensité proportionnelle au débit du flot. Nous étudions le modèle où la taille de la population tend vers l’infini. Nous montrons qu’il existe un seuil positif sur les pertes de transmission (donné explicitement) au dessus duquel il n’y a pas de pertes de congestion et en dessous duquel l’état stationnaire est un régime avec des congestions périodiques, dans lequel nous pouvons calculer la moyenne et la distribution du débit de chaque flot. Nous montrons aussi que le débit agrégé optimal est obtenu au seuil. Le modèle avec population finie et ceux fondés sur d’autres classes de processus ponctuels sont aussi étudiés. En particulier, nous donnons une condition suffisante d’existence de pertes par congestion valable pour tout modèle, indépendamment de la taille de la population et du type des processus ponctuels des pertes par erreur de transmission. Mots-clés : TCP, contrôle de congestion, contrôle de flux, algorithme de croissance additive et décroissance multiplicative, trafic IP, synchronisation, débit, sans fil, DSL, erreur par bit, erreur par paquet, erreur de transmission, champ moyen, transformée de Mellin. Analysis of the Competition between Wired, DSL and Wireless TCP Flows 3

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تاریخ انتشار 2015